Medically Reviewed by Dr. Anilkunar S Harugop , ENT
Written by KIE Editorial Contributors
3.5 min read | Published On: 10-10-2025
Coryza, often called the common cold, is a frequent illness that causes nose and throat discomfort for people of all ages. It leads to nasal congestion, sneezing, and a runny nose. Most cases go away quickly, but when symptoms last for a long time or return again and again, seeing an ENT specialist is recommended.
Coryza is a medical word for inflammation of the nose’s lining. This swelling is usually triggered by infections or allergies. In daily life, coryza is what most refer to as the common cold. Sometimes it is short-lived, and sometimes it stays longer, especially if allergies are causing ongoing irritation.
Many things can cause coryza. Viruses like rhinovirus and coronavirus are the most common cause. Allergens in the air like pollen, dust, or pet fur can also trigger symptoms, as can pollution from smoke or strong odors. Changes in the weather, especially cold air, sometimes make coryza worse. Stress, a weak immune system, or close contact with someone who is sick also increase the risk.
Coryza symptoms can appear within days after exposure. They usually include:
In viral cases, symptoms may be worst at the start and improve within a week. With allergies, they may come and go, depending on exposure.
Coryza is very common in cities and places where pollution is high. Children often catch colds at school, while adults get sick during seasonal changes. For most, these symptoms are mild. Some, however, get coryza more often or experience complications, especially those with allergies, asthma, or weak immunity.
ENT doctors use a variety of approaches to diagnose coryza. They start with a physical exam of the nose and throat. Sometimes they use a small camera to view the inside of the nose. Allergy testing might be needed for frequent symptoms. If sinus involvement is suspected, doctors may suggest X-rays or scans.
Treatment depends on the cause. Most people improve with basic care and simple remedies:
For allergy-driven coryza, avoiding triggers and keeping areas dust-free are key. Some may need allergy shots for long-term control.
See an ENT specialist if:
Getting help quickly can prevent complications such as sinus infections or ear problems.
Prevention matters just as much as treatment. Washing hands, avoiding close contact with sick people, using masks in crowded places, and keeping environments clean help prevent coryza. Maintaining good hydration and nutrition strengthens the body’s natural defenses. Not smoking and avoiding strong odors also reduce risk.
Most people recover from coryza within a week or two. For some, especially those with allergies, ongoing care may be needed. Ear, sinus, or chest infections are rare but possible if coryza is not managed properly.
Complications from coryza, while uncommon, can include sinus infections, middle ear infections, or bronchitis. Long-term nasal blockage may disturb sleep, cause snoring, or make breathing through the nose difficult.
Get in Touch with a Doctor
Yes, coryza in humans often causes more sneezing, irritability, and sleep issues in children, who may need closer monitoring.
Allergic coryza is triggered by allergens like pollen or dust and recurs frequently, while infectious coryza spreads from person to person.
Untreated or chronic coryza disease can lead to sinus infections, ear infections, or worsening allergies.
Yes, handwashing, avoiding smoke, staying hydrated, and boosting immunity through diet and sleep can reduce repeated episodes.
An ENT specialist evaluates persistent or severe coryza, prescribes targeted coryza medicine, and advises on long-term prevention.
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